Math symbols keyboard

± × ÷ √ ∑ ∫

Operators

Relations

Sets and logic

Arrows

Greek letters

Superscripts and subscripts

Geometry and units

Tap a symbol to insert it. Numbers and letters come from your own keyboard. Everything here is plain Unicode text, so it pastes into email, chat, Google Docs and Word unchanged.

The symbols you need for homework, notes and messages, as plain text that pastes anywhere.

Math words to try

Tap a word to put it in the box above, or type it yourself with the keys shown.

WordMeaningType
Circle equationtap the symbols
Square root of twotap the symbols
Not equaltap the symbols
For every real xtap the symbols
A is a subset of Btap the symbols

Plain-text maths that pastes anywhere

Every symbol on this keyboard is an ordinary Unicode character, the same kind of character as a letter. That means it survives being pasted into places that do not support equations: a chat message, an email subject line, a spreadsheet cell, a form, a text file or a comment box. x² + y² = r² stays exactly that.

For anything more than a line of notation, such as fractions stacked over a bar, matrices or long derivations, use a real equation tool: the equation editor in Word or Google Docs, or LaTeX. This keyboard is for the times when a symbol has to go somewhere those tools cannot reach.

Symbols that look alike

  • Minus − and hyphen -: the minus sign on this keyboard is the proper minus, the same width as the plus sign. The hyphen on your keyboard is shorter and is what most people type; the minus lines up better in formulas.
  • Multiplication × and the letter x: × is the multiplication sign. The middle dot · is the other common way to write multiplication, especially between letters: 2·π·r.
  • Degree ° and superscript zero ⁰: use ° for angles and temperatures. ⁰ is an exponent, as in 10⁰ = 1.
  • Prime ′ and apostrophe ': the prime marks derivatives (f′) and feet and minutes; the double prime ″ marks inches and seconds.
  • Greek Σ and the summation ∑: ∑ is the n-ary summation operator, and Σ is the capital Greek letter sigma. They look similar, but screen readers and search engines treat them differently.

Superscripts and subscripts

Unicode has superscript and subscript forms of the digits and a few signs, and they are in the last-but-one group. They are enough for exponents (x², 2¹⁰, 10⁻³), chemical formulas (H₂O, CO₂) and indices (a₁, a₂, aₙ with the superscript n). They do not exist for every letter, which is one of the limits of plain-text maths.

Typing maths symbols on your own device

  • Windows: Win+. opens the emoji and symbol panel, which has a Math Symbols tab. With Num Lock on, Alt codes type a few: Alt+0177 ±, 0215 ×, 0247 ÷, 0176 °, 0178 ², 0179 ³.
  • Mac: Ctrl+Cmd+Space opens the Character Viewer. Option shortcuts include Option+= ≠, Option+Shift+= ±, Option+/ ÷, Option+V √, Option+5 ∞ and Option+< ≤.
  • Word and Google Docs: Insert, Equation (or Alt+= in Word) opens the equation editor, which accepts LaTeX-style commands such as \sqrt and \sum.

Frequently asked questions

How do I type a square root symbol?

Tap √ in the Operators group. For a cube root use ∛. On a Mac, Option+V types √.

How do I type squared or cubed?

Tap ² or ³ in the Superscripts and subscripts group. On Windows, Alt+0178 and Alt+0179 type them too.

How do I type the not-equal sign?

Tap ≠ in the Relations group, or press Option+= on a Mac.

Will these symbols work in Word, Google Docs and email?

Yes. They are standard Unicode characters, so they paste as text anywhere that accepts text.

Can I type fractions?

The common ones are single characters: ½ ⅓ ⅔ ¼ ¾ ⅛ in the Geometry and units group. For other fractions, write them with a slash or use an equation editor.

How do I type the degree symbol?

Tap ° in the Geometry and units group. On Windows, Alt+0176 types it; on a Mac, Option+Shift+8.